DEBORAH CROMBIE: As requested by Hank and some of our readers earlier in the week, I will try to dredge up some of the information from the tea master's class I took in London quite a few years ago! I do have a certificate that says I am a "Certified Tea Master," but I can't find it. Nor can I find any of my coffee table books on tea, which must have been cleared out in one book purge or another. (This is always the way of it, isn't it? As soon as you give things away, you discover you need them again...) So we will have to rely on my memory, with a bit of help from our friend the internet.
I'm going to concentrate on black tea, as herbals and tisanes are not my forte and are not technically tea. Here are some loose black teas. That's Lover's Leap on the left, English breakfast on the right, and Earl Grey on the bottom. If you look closely you can see the differences in color and texture.
Black tea is made from the oxidized leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant. Legend has it that many years ago in China, a single leaf from the plant fell into the cup of a Chinese emporer, so the love of the beverage was born. Until the 1800s, tea was cultivated almost exclusively in China, but cultivation has now spread across more than 40 countries.
There is so much history here that we can only touch on the barest details! (The East India Company, British colonization, the American revolution, etc. etc.!)
The most significant production of tea today is in China, India, Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Turkey. Two of the most popular types of tea are Assam, grown in India, and Ceylon, grown in Sri Lanka. Assam has a rich, malty flavor and is most often used in "breakfast blends" like English, Scottish, or Irish Breakfast teas. Ceylon teas are a little more delicate, but are also used in the base blend for "breakfast" teas and in Earl Grey blends.
"Earl Grey" is simply a black tea blend to which is added bergamot, a distinctive citrus flavoring derived from citrus bergamia, a orange-sized fruit with a yellow-green color, thought to be a ancient hybrid between a lemon and an orange.
White and green teas are made from less oxidized Camellia Sinenis leaves, but the science of tea production is way beyond our scope here.
Loose teas are made from whole tea leaves, while teabag teas are made from smaller, broken tea particles, or "dust." While tea bags brew faster, the tea lacks the full flavor of loose tea and can often taste bitter.
Now for the fun stuff--how to make a proper cuppa! In an ideal world, you'd pour filtered water just off the boil over loose leaf tea in a warmed teapot. Let steep for at least five minutes--patience, patience! Then pour and enjoy, with or without milk. I generally drink mine unsweetened with a little milk to buffer the tannins. There is much controversy over whether the milk should be added before or after the tea, but I honestly don't think it makes much difference. If I'm pouring tea from a teapot, I put milk in first. If I'm making tea in a mug, I add it afterwards.
Loose tea in a pot, poured through a strainer, is ideal because more hot water comes in contact with the tea leaves, releasing more flavor. But I am lazy, and most often put my loose tea into a t-sac, a paper do-it-yourself teabag, and brew it right in my mug. I use the biggest size t-sac because it works in both mug and pot.
Here are some of my current favorite teas, with the t-sacs.
The tea in the center is Lover's Leap from the English Tea Store, available online, as are the Davidson's Organics. Most loose teas are available in smaller sized bags if you want to experiment with some different teas to discover which ones you like.
I've been a bit off Earl Grey lately and am drinking Lover's Leap for my afternoon cuppa. If you use loose teas, you can also blend them yourself. I generally use half Lover's Leap and half English Breakfast in the morning.
Many fancy "silk" teabags these days are actually plastic, so I don't recommend them if you're worried about injesting, or using, microplastics. Even some paper teabags have plastic sealants and binders. The t-sacs, however, are made from banana or manila hemp, a renewable material grown in southeast Asia, and are 100% plastic and chlorine free.
Here is my idea of a perfect afternoon tea, a cup of Lover's Leap with a slice of my local bakery's lemon olive oil cake!
I have many teapots, but thought the Emma Bridgewater pot with the types of teas the most appropriate!
Reddies, will you join me in a cuppa? And if you have more tea questions I'll do my best to answer them!